a:5:{s:8:"template";s:13575:"<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta content="IE=edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/>
<title>{{ keyword }}</title>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0" name="viewport"/></head>
<style rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> a,body,div,form,h4,html,label,li,p,span,ul{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;outline:0;background:0 0;font-size:100%;vertical-align:baseline;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%}body{line-height:1}ul{list-style:none}:focus{outline:0}footer,header,nav{display:block}body{color:#666;background-color:#fff;font-family:"Open Sans",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:500;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;line-height:1.7em}body.et_fixed_nav.et_boxed_layout #page-container{padding-top:80px}body.et_cover_background{background-repeat:no-repeat!important;background-attachment:fixed;background-position:top center!important;-webkit-background-size:cover!important;-moz-background-size:cover!important;background-size:cover!important}a{color:#2ea3f2;text-decoration:none}a:hover{text-decoration:none}p{padding-bottom:1em}p:last-of-type{padding-bottom:0}h4{padding-bottom:10px;color:#333;font-weight:500;line-height:1em}h4{font-size:18px}input{-webkit-appearance:none}input[type=text]{padding:2px;border:1px solid #bbb;color:#4e4e4e;background-color:#fff}input[type=text]:focus{border-color:#2d3940;color:#3e3e3e}input[type=text]{margin:0}#top-menu li{word-wrap:break-word}.footer-widget h4,.mobile_menu_bar:after,.mobile_menu_bar:before{color:#2ea3f2}#main-header{-webkit-transition:background-color .4s,color .4s,transform .4s,opacity .4s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:background-color .4s,color .4s,transform .4s,opacity .4s ease-in-out;transition:background-color .4s,color .4s,transform .4s,opacity .4s ease-in-out}.container{position:relative;width:80%;max-width:1080px;margin:auto}.et_boxed_layout #page-container{-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2);-moz-box-shadow:0 0 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2);box-shadow:0 0 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.et_boxed_layout #page-container,.et_boxed_layout #page-container .container,.et_fixed_nav.et_boxed_layout #page-container #main-header{width:90%;max-width:1200px;margin:auto}.container{position:relative;text-align:left}#main-header{position:relative;z-index:99999;top:0;width:100%;background-color:#fff;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);-moz-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);font-weight:500;line-height:23px}.et_fixed_nav.et_show_nav #page-container{padding-top:80px}.et_fixed_nav #main-header{position:fixed}.et_header_style_left #et-top-navigation{padding-top:33px}.et_header_style_left #et-top-navigation nav>ul>li>a{padding-bottom:33px}.et_header_style_left .logo_container{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%}.et_header_style_left .mobile_menu_bar{padding-bottom:24px}.logo_container{-webkit-transition:all .4s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:all .4s ease-in-out;transition:all .4s ease-in-out}span.logo_helper{display:inline-block;width:0;height:100%;vertical-align:middle}#top-menu,#top-menu-nav{line-height:0}#et-top-navigation{font-weight:600}.et_fixed_nav #et-top-navigation{-webkit-transition:all .4s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:all .4s ease-in-out;transition:all .4s ease-in-out}#top-menu,nav#top-menu-nav{float:left}#top-menu li{display:inline-block;padding-right:22px;font-size:14px}#top-menu>li:last-child{padding-right:0}#top-menu a{display:block;position:relative;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:all .4s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:all .4s ease-in-out;transition:all .4s ease-in-out}#top-menu-nav>ul>li>a:hover{opacity:.7;-webkit-transition:all .4s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:all .4s ease-in-out;transition:all .4s ease-in-out}.container.et_menu_container{z-index:99}.woocommerce-cart table.cart td.actions .coupon .input-text::input-placeholder{color:#fff}#et-top-navigation{float:right}#et_mobile_nav_menu{display:none;float:right}.mobile_menu_bar{display:block;position:relative;line-height:0}.mobile_menu_bar:before{position:relative;top:0;left:0;font-size:32px;content:"\61";cursor:pointer}.mobile_nav .select_page{display:none}#main-footer{background-color:#222}#footer-widgets{padding:6% 0 0}.footer-widget{float:left;color:#fff}.footer-widget .fwidget:last-child{margin-bottom:0!important}#footer-bottom{padding:15px 0 5px;background-color:#1f1f1f;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.32)}#footer-info{float:left;padding-bottom:10px;color:#666;text-align:left}.widget_search .screen-reader-text{display:none}.widget_search input#s,.widget_search input#searchsubmit{height:40px!important;margin:0;padding:.7em;border:1px solid #ddd;color:#666;font-size:14px;line-height:normal!important}.widget_search #s{width:100%;-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px}.widget_search #searchform{position:relative}.widget_search #searchsubmit{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;width:70px;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius-topright:3px;border-top-right-radius:3px;-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius-bottomright:3px;border-bottom-right-radius:3px;background-color:#ddd}#searchsubmit{cursor:pointer}@media all and (max-width:980px){#page-container,.et_fixed_nav.et_show_nav #page-container{padding-top:80px}.footer-widget:nth-child(n){width:46.25%!important;margin:0 7.5% 7.5% 0!important}#footer-widgets .footer-widget .fwidget{margin-bottom:16.21%}#footer-widgets{padding:8% 0}#footer-widgets .footer-widget:nth-child(2n){margin-right:0!important}#footer-widgets .footer-widget:nth-last-child(-n+2){margin-bottom:0!important}#main-header{-webkit-transition:none;-moz-transition:none;transition:none}#top-menu{display:none}#et-top-navigation{margin-right:0;-webkit-transition:none;-moz-transition:none;transition:none}.et_fixed_nav #main-header{position:absolute}.et_header_style_left #et-top-navigation{display:block;padding-top:24px}.et_fixed_nav #main-header{-webkit-transition:none;-moz-transition:none;transition:none}#main-header,.container,.logo_container{-webkit-transition:none;-moz-transition:none;transition:none}#footer-info{float:none;text-align:center}#et_mobile_nav_menu{display:block}}@media all and (max-width:767px){#footer-widgets .footer-widget{width:100%!important;margin-right:0!important}#footer-widgets .footer-widget .fwidget,#footer-widgets .footer-widget:nth-child(n){margin-bottom:9.5%!important}#footer-widgets{padding:10% 0}#footer-widgets .footer-widget .fwidget:last-child{margin-bottom:0!important}#footer-widgets .footer-widget:last-child{margin-bottom:0!important}#et-top-navigation{margin-right:0}}@media all and (max-width:479px){#et-top-navigation{margin-right:0}#footer-widgets .footer-widget:nth-child(n),.footer-widget .fwidget{margin-bottom:11.5%!important}#footer-widgets{padding:12% 0}}@media print{#main-header{position:relative!important;top:auto!important;right:auto!important;bottom:auto!important;left:auto!important}#page-container{padding-top:0!important}} *{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.clearfix:after{display:block;visibility:hidden;clear:both;height:0;font-size:0;content:" "}.et_pb_widget{word-wrap:break-word}.mobile_menu_bar:before{text-shadow:0 0;font-family:ETmodules!important;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;line-height:1;text-transform:none;speak:none}.nav li{position:relative;line-height:1em}.nav li:hover{visibility:inherit}.mobile_menu_bar{display:block;position:relative;line-height:0}.mobile_menu_bar:before{position:relative;top:0;left:0;font-size:32px;content:"\61";cursor:pointer}.mobile_nav .select_page{display:none}.et_pb_widget{float:left;max-width:100%} @media all and (min-width:981px){.et_pb_gutters3 .footer-widget{margin:0 5.5% 5.5% 0}.et_pb_gutters3.et_pb_footer_columns2 .footer-widget{width:47.25%}.et_pb_gutters3.et_pb_footer_columns2 .footer-widget:nth-child(even){margin-right:0}.et_pb_gutters3.et_pb_footer_columns2 .footer-widget .fwidget{margin-bottom:11.64%}}.clearfix:after{display:block;visibility:hidden;clear:both;height:0;font-size:0;content:" "} body{font-size:20px}h4{color:#000}a{color:#1e73be}#main-header{background-color:#000}#top-menu a{color:#fff}#top-menu li a{font-size:15px}#main-footer .footer-widget h4{color:#c7d5e0}#footer-info,.footer-widget{font-size:14px}@media only screen and (min-width:981px){.et_header_style_left #et-top-navigation{padding:29px 0 0 0}.et_header_style_left #et-top-navigation nav>ul>li>a{padding-bottom:29px}}h4{font-size:23px}h4{font-family:'Droid Serif',Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif}body,input{font-family:'Droid Sans',Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif}#et-top-navigation,#main-header{font-family:'Droid Sans',Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif}..et_pb_posts a.more-link{font-size:12px!important} @font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Open Sans Italic'),local('OpenSans-Italic'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem6YaGs126MiZpBA-UFUK0Zdcg.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:700;src:local('Open Sans Bold Italic'),local('OpenSans-BoldItalic'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/memnYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUKWiUNhrIqY.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Open Sans Regular'),local('OpenSans-Regular'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem8YaGs126MiZpBA-UFVZ0e.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:local('Open Sans Bold'),local('OpenSans-Bold'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem5YaGs126MiZpBA-UN7rgOUuhs.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Droid Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Droid Sans Regular'),local('DroidSans-Regular'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/droidsans/v12/SlGVmQWMvZQIdix7AFxXkHNSaA.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Droid Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:local('Droid Sans Bold'),local('DroidSans-Bold'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/droidsans/v12/SlGWmQWMvZQIdix7AFxXmMh3eDs1Yg.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Droid Serif';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Droid Serif Italic'),local('DroidSerif-Italic'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/droidserif/v12/tDbK2oqRg1oM3QBjjcaDkOr4nAfcGw.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Droid Serif';font-style:italic;font-weight:700;src:local('Droid Serif Bold Italic'),local('DroidSerif-BoldItalic'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/droidserif/v12/tDbX2oqRg1oM3QBjjcaDkOr4lLz5CwOnTQ.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Droid Serif';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Droid Serif Regular'),local('DroidSerif-Regular'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/droidserif/v12/tDbI2oqRg1oM3QBjjcaDkOr9rAA.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Droid Serif';font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:local('Droid Serif Bold'),local('DroidSerif-Bold'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/droidserif/v12/tDbV2oqRg1oM3QBjjcaDkOJGiRD7OwQ.ttf) format('truetype')}</style>
<body class="et_pb_button_helper_class et_fixed_nav et_boxed_layout et_show_nav et_cover_background et_pb_gutter windows et_pb_gutters3 et_primary_nav_dropdown_animation_fade et_secondary_nav_dropdown_animation_fade et_pb_footer_columns2 et_header_style_left et_right_sidebar et_divi_theme et_minified_js et_minified_css">
<div id="page-container">

<header data-height-onload="58" id="main-header">
<div class="container clearfix et_menu_container">
<div class="logo_container">
<span class="logo_helper"></span>
<a href="#">
{{ keyword }}
</a>
</div>
<div data-fixed-height="40" data-height="58" id="et-top-navigation">
<nav id="top-menu-nav">
<ul class="nav" id="top-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-2170" id="menu-item-2170"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2171" id="menu-item-2171"><a href="#">About</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2180" id="menu-item-2180"><a href="#">Contacts</a></li>
</ul> </nav>
<div id="et_mobile_nav_menu">
<div class="mobile_nav closed">
<span class="select_page">Select Page</span>
<span class="mobile_menu_bar mobile_menu_bar_toggle"></span>
</div>
</div> </div> 
</div> 
</header> 
<div id="et-main-area">
{{ text }}
<footer id="main-footer">
<div class="container">
<div class="clearfix" id="footer-widgets">
<div class="footer-widget"><div class="fwidget et_pb_widget widget_text" id="text-3"><h4 class="title">Related</h4> <div class="textwidget">{{ links }}</div>
</div> </div> <div class="footer-widget"><div class="fwidget et_pb_widget widget_search" id="search-2"><h4 class="title">Search</h4><form action="#" class="searchform" id="searchform" method="get" role="search">
<div>
<label class="screen-reader-text" for="s">Search for:</label>
<input id="s" name="s" type="text" value=""/>
<input id="searchsubmit" type="submit" value="Search"/>
</div>
</form></div> </div>  </div> 
</div> 
<div id="footer-bottom">
<div class="container clearfix">
<p id="footer-info">2020 {{ keyword }}</div> 
</div>
</footer> 
</div> 
</div> 
<link href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Droid+Serif:regular,italic,700,700italic|Droid+Sans:regular,700&amp;subset=latin" id="et-builder-googlefonts-css" media="all" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
</body>
</html>";s:4:"text";s:2606:"<p>In the case of acid catalysis the nitrile becomes protonated. Nitriles can be converted to amides. Protonation increases the electrophilicity of the nitrile so that it will accept water, a poor nucleophile. 2) Nucleophilic attack by water. </p> <p>US3670020A US3670020DA US3670020A US 3670020 A US3670020 A US 3670020A US 3670020D A US3670020D A US 3670020DA US 3670020 A US3670020 A US 3670020A Authority US United States Prior art keywords process acrylonitrile hydracrylamide amides under conditions Prior art date 1969-07 … </p> <p>1) Protonation. Anhydrous hydrolysis of nitriles to amides was developed using acetaldoxime as the water source in the presence of Rh catalyst.  HCl forms during the reaction. Thionyl chloride , with heating, readily converts unsubstituted amides to nitriles. Les nitriles s'hydrolysent en milieu acide et en milieu basique pour donner l'acide carboxylique correspondant. [1] Examples. Conversion of various nitriles to amides was performed under neutral and anhydrous conditions, and the reaction displays excellent compatibility with acid or base labile and hydrolytically labile functional groups. General reaction . This reaction can be acid or base catalyzed. </p> <p>9H 2 O acts as a cost-efficient catalyst for the experimentally straightforward synthesis of amides from nitriles and amines. Example . 4) Resonance . Catalytic conversion of nitriles to amides Download PDF Info Publication number US3670020A. </p> <p>Common Conditions: POCl 3. Phosphorus oxychloride , with heating, readily converts unsubstituted amides to nitriles. The Mechanism of Acid-Catalyzed Nitrile Hydrolysis . Mechanism . Acid sensitive substrates may not be well-tolerated. Amide to Nitrile; Amide to Nitrile. Nitriles can be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids in acidic aqueous solutions, and to carboxylate salts with base-catalyzed hydrolysis: In both cases, the transformation consists of two main parts; conversion of the nitrile to an amide and hydrolysis of the amide to the corresponding carboxylic acid. SOCl 2. The hydration of nitriles to amides is one of the basic transformations in organic chemistry However, it is not generally appreciated how difficult this transformation is to carry out efficiently since amides themselves undergo further hydrolysis to the acid. 23 The reaction is most favourable for primary unbranched amines reacting with nitriles which are not too electron rich. Mais dans ce mécanisme d'hydrolyse, on constate que les deux mécanismes (milieu acide ou basique) passent par la formation de la fonction amide. 3) Proton Transfer. Mechanism. </p>";s:7:"keyword";s:16:"nitrile to amide";s:5:"links";s:3664:"<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/dragon-age-inquisition-well-of-sorrows-choice-28e889'>Dragon Age Inquisition Well Of Sorrows Choice</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/comodo-dragon-browser-28e889'>Comodo Dragon Browser</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/private-equity-preqin-28e889'>Private Equity Preqin</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/monkey-breaks-glass-with-rock-28e889'>Monkey Breaks Glass With Rock</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/melatonin-nhs-child-28e889'>Melatonin Nhs Child</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/industrial-hygienist-near-me-28e889'>Industrial Hygienist Near Me</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/retroarch-game-and-watch-28e889'>Retroarch Game And Watch</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/basic-piano-book-28e889'>Basic Piano Book</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/tis-the-reason-for-the-season-poem-28e889'>Tis The Reason For The Season Poem</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/harshvardhan-rane-height-28e889'>Harshvardhan Rane Height</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/honda-wrv-price-28e889'>Honda Wrv Price</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/nascar-hauler-tour-28e889'>Nascar Hauler Tour</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/five-performance-objectives-of-operations-management-28e889'>Five Performance Objectives Of Operations Management</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/ale-pulse-bib-tights-28e889'>Ale Pulse Bib Tights</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/vintage-japanese-motorcycle-club-minnesota-28e889'>Vintage Japanese Motorcycle Club Minnesota</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/bumble-and-bumble-defrizz-dupe-28e889'>Bumble And Bumble Defrizz Dupe</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/kaushik-chatterjee-iisc-28e889'>Kaushik Chatterjee Iisc</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/he-doesn%27t-text-me-goodnight-anymore-28e889'>He Doesn't Text Me Goodnight Anymore</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/for-loop-in-oracle-28e889'>For Loop In Oracle</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/1966-pontiac-gto-yellow-28e889'>1966 Pontiac Gto Yellow</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/hungry-shark-evolution-apk-28e889'>Hungry Shark Evolution Apk</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/jessica-jones-collected-editions-28e889'>Jessica Jones Collected Editions</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/side-part-blunt-cut-bob-with-closure-28e889'>Side Part Blunt Cut Bob With Closure</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/Parliament-of-Ghana-28e889'>Parliament Of Ghana</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/danny-elfman---the-little-things-28e889'>Danny Elfman - The Little Things</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/old-crow-canada-28e889'>Old Crow Canada</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/ps4-skate-game-28e889'>Ps4 Skate Game</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/holy-loch-american-veterans-association-28e889'>Holy Loch American Veterans Association</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/2001-harley-davidson-sportster-1200-evolution-28e889'>2001 Harley-davidson Sportster 1200 Evolution</a>,
<a href='https://artificialflowerplants.org/journal/development-coordinator-salary-28e889'>Development Coordinator Salary</a>,
";s:7:"expired";i:-1;}